Author ORCID Identifier

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1538-9947

Document Type

Article

Disciplines

3. MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES, Public and environmental health

Publication Details

Trials

Abstract

682 studies from 2012 and 1682 studies from 2022 were included. Around a quarter of studies were interventional and the remainder being observational and primary outcomes of effectiveness were more common than efficacy. Key study design aspects were frequently unreported, including sample size justification, registration, randomisation technique and funders. Our evidence map demonstrated that predominantly, investigations were of implants and were in a cardiovascular setting. Clinical investigations were broadly similar between 2012 and 2022, though there was a reduction in the proportion of cardiovascular studies, a move in the share of studies coming out of Europe and North America towards Asia and a general improvement in the quality of study design reported.

DOI

https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13063-025-08793-y

Funder

SFI and Health Research Board—Trials Methodology Research Network (HRB-TMRN). The funder did not have any role in study design, data collection, data analyses, interpretation or writing of this report.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License.


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