Document Type

Article

Disciplines

3. MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES

Publication Details

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/7/1036#:~:text=Hence%2C%20MIR%20spectroscopy%20makes%20the,cartilage%20tissue%20and%20subchondral%20bone.

https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13071036

Abstract

Mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and Raman spectroscopy are all well-established analytical techniques in biomedical applications. Since they provide complementary chemical information, we aimed to determine whether combining them amplifies their strengths and mitigates their weaknesses. This study investigates the feasibility of the fusion of MIR, NIR, and Raman spectroscopic data for characterising articular cartilage integrity. Osteochondral specimens from bovine patellae were subjected to mechanical and enzymatic damage, and then MIR, NIR, and Raman data were acquired from the damaged and control specimens. We assessed the capacity of individual spectroscopic methods to classify the samples into damage or control groups using Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). Multi-block PLS-DA was carried out to assess the potential of data fusion by combining the dataset by applying two-block (MIR and NIR, MIR and Raman, NIR and Raman) and three-block approaches (MIR, NIR, and Raman). The results of the one-block models show a higher classification accuracy for NIR (93%) and MIR (92%) than for Raman (76%) spectroscopy. In contrast, we observed the highest classification efficiency of 94% and 93% for the two-block (MIR and NIR) and three-block models, respectively. The detailed correlative analysis of the spectral features contributing to the discrimination in the three-block models adds considerably more insight into the molecular origin of cartilage damage.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13071036

Funder

This research was funded by the MIRACLE project-Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme-H2020-ICT-2017-1 (grant agreement 780598). The study was financially supported by the Academy of Finland (projects 315820, 310466), the Finnish Cultural Foundation (65211977 North Savo Regional Fund), and Kuopio University Hospital (VTR project 5203111 & 5203127). The authors would also like to acknowledge Horizon2020 and Enterprise Ireland (Diode, Project ID: MF 2021 0189).

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License.

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