Author ORCID Identifier

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-6215

Document Type

Article

Disciplines

2.2 ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC, INFORMATION ENGINEERING, Electrical and electronic engineering

Publication Details

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/4/852

https://doi.org/10.3390/ electronics12040852

Abstract

The difficulty of controlling the charging of electric buses (EBs) and their effects on network demand are discussed in this study. The solutions suggest a call for worldwide, complex infrastructures that manage EVs and EBs equally. Additionally, the Distribution Network (DN) must be prepared for an increased prevalence of reverse power flow caused by widespread distributed renewable generation. This paper focuses exclusively on EBs since they have higher capacity and predictable charging patterns, which makes them more significant for the DN in the context of a transition to complete vehicle electrification and technologies that are mature enough to be hosted. The proposed algorithm employs the Day-Ahead Energy Market (DAEM) in the Smart Charging (SC) to forecast the network operating circumstances. Additionally, the technique makes it possible to facilitate distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation, allowing network demand to be referenced depending on net demand. It also identifies an appropriate individual charger current per vehicle and per-time-step with load-levelling or peak-shaving as its primary goal. The final real demand demonstrates that a coarse correction of the demand is possible. According to the analysis of the DN voltage profile and associated line losses, the ideal node position location of the CS is dependent on PV penetration.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.3390/ electronics12040852

Funder

This research received no external funding

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License.

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