Document Type

Article

Rights

Available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike 4.0 International Licence

Disciplines

1.1 MATHEMATICS, 1.3 PHYSICAL SCIENCES

Publication Details

Theoretical Physics, Vol. 5, No. 4, December 2020

Abstract

This paper considers a conceptual model that attempts to explain ‘Dark Matter’ and‘Dark Energy’. The model is based on considering a gravitational field to be the result of a mass (aHiggs field) scattering pre-existing cosmic background space-time waves or ‘Uber-waves’. The term‘Uber’ is used to denote an outstanding or supreme example of a particular kind of gravitationalwave with cosmic-scale wavelengths that are far in excess of those associated with the gravitationalwaves generated by accelerating masses. Such waves are taken to be the very lowest frequencycomponents associated with the spectrum of space-time waves generated by the ‘Big Bang’ andare supported by the expanding fabric of space-time produced at the point of the big bang, i.e.the lowest frequency components of a cosmological spectrum whose bandwidth is the a Planckfrequency (∼1043Hz). Like electromagnetic waves, Uber waves are taken to propagate with anupper velocity consistent with the speed of light and interact with, and are scattered by, a Higgs field.This interaction produces the effect of a mass locally curving space-time, an idea that is contrary tothe conventional model associated with General Relativity where mass is taken to curve space-timedirectly which otherwise remains ‘flat’. By assuming the pre-existence of background Uber waves, weconsider the concave curvature of such waves to generate an apparent attractive gravitational force.This attractive force is taken to govern the formation of large scale structures of matter (galaxiesand super-clusters of galaxies, for example) in the conventional sense but surrounded by a residualbackground gravitational field. It is this residual field that gives rise to the effect known as darkmatter where more gravity (as an attractive only force) appears to be available than that whichcan be accounted for by the observed (luminous) mass, a luminosity that is generated primarily bynuclear fusion in stars. The convex curvature of Uber waves is considered to account for cosmic voidswithin which gravity is a repulsive force and where large scale structures of matter can thereforenot be formed. This is considered to explain the super-large cosmic voids or super voids that areobserved. These are regions of the universe where there is an absence of rich super clusters of matter.In these anti-gravity zones, only relatively small structures of matter can be formed by electrostaticforces alone which are then repelled from each other when their mass becomes significant enoughfor the force of anti-gravity to become significant. In such regions of an Uber wave, the mattergenerated from electrostatic forces builds up to produce a weak gravitational repulsive field due tothe low mass density within a void. However, due to the immense size of these cosmic voids, theyare taken to generate a net repulsive force which is considered to be the reason for the accelerationassociated with the expansion of the universe; the effect of dark energy. This effect also accounts for the cosmic web structure in which luminescent matter appears to exist in relatively thin connective filaments. The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual model and not to investigate theideas proposed in any significant mathematical detail. This is accomplished by building up the ideas on a case-by-case basis, coupled with a series of thought experiments but without resorting to specific physical scales or the physical parameters associated with these scales other than, bydefault, the speed of light and Newton’s gravitational constant.

DOI

https://dx.doi.org/10.22606/tp.2020.54002

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