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Author ORCID Identifier

0000-0002-6804-7273

Abstract

This study examines the behavioural and spatial dynamics of the Hajj pilgrimage through the conceptual lens of behavioural geography, focusing on how sacred space, ritual choreography, and communal experiences shape religious engagement. Centred on the Kaaba and surrounding pilgrimage sites, this study explores how ritual practices such as Tawaf, Sa’i, and standing at Arafat construct immersive and affective experiences for pilgrims. Drawing on an interpretive analysis of visual and textual sources, the study argues that sacred space operates not only as a physical setting but also as a symbolic framework that mediates spiritual transformation and social cohesion. It also highlights the inequalities embedded in access to pilgrimages, shaped by economic and geopolitical constraints. By situating Hajj within broader debates on religious tourism and sacred geographies, this study underscores the importance of inclusive and culturally sensitive approaches to managing sacred sites in an era of global religious mobility.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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